Saoshyant:
The Promised Savior
"The Saoshyant
Saoshyant:
one who will "make existence brilliant".
"Since He is (the One) to be chosen by the world
therefore the judgment emanating from truth itself (to be
passed) on the deeds of good thought of the world,
as well as the power, is committed to Mazda Ahura whom
(people) assign as a shepherd to the poor."
- Yasna 27:13 - the
Ahuna Vairya prayer
|
"Muslims, Hindus,
Christians we do not accept. For us, we are all Sahaja Yogis and we
have faith in all the religions. Not a samabavha! We have faith in
every one! As well as we worship Rama we worship Mohammed Sahib also. Same
way, no less as we worship Bramhadeva. Or as we worship, let's say,
Dattatreya, we worship Zoroaster. There’s no difference at
all."
|
Sri
Kavyalapa-vinodini
Sri Nirmala Devi
Kalwe, India — Dec. 30, 1992
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One
of Zarathushtra's "most revolutionary concepts [is]
that of the savior, the 'bringer of benefit' or the
benefactor known in the Gathas as the Saoshyant.
It is this savior figure - also referred to in the plural -
who will bring about the renovation of the world."
"The seeds of later Zoroastrian eschatology are
contained within Zarathushtra's introduction of the saoshyant.
It is evident, though, that Zarathushtra was either
anticipating the apocalyptic event in the near future or at
least that he was hoping for it. Moreover, this concept of
savior (which was later to have such a dramatic effect on
the development of the post-exilic Jewish theological
thought) is one of the chief means by which Zarathushtra
attempts to break from the rigidity of the
proto-Indo-Iranian tradition. In a sense he establishes,
alongside an 'official' sacerdotal class, a preaching
vocation of all believers (Ashavans), who would
work with him towards the final event."
P.
Clark, Zoroastrianism, Introduction to an Ancient
Faith
(Peter
Clark, Zoroastrianism, Introduction to an Ancient
Faith, p. 15)
"The
ages of the world. One fascinating mystical theme in the New Testament
is that time consists of a series of ages. Each age of the world (or
kingdom) is dominated by a powerful force or figure. This motif exists
throughout the globe with a range of specific cultural meanings. In the 8th
century BC in Greece, the poet Hesiod described the ages of the world as
four in number and symbolized by gold, silver, bronze, and iron, each age
successively declining in morality. In India the four yugas (Sanskrit:
"world ages"), symbolized by the four throws of a dice game, are
also viewed as descending — though in repetitive cycles — from
perfection to moral chaos. Other original schematizations of this theme
can be found in the mythologies of Chinese, Polynesian, and American
Indian cultures.
By
the time the New Testament was written, Jewish apocalyptic writings
(symbolic or cryptographic literature portraying God’s dramatic
intervention in history and catastrophic dramas at the end of a cosmic
epoch) had already produced theories of history that reworked Indo-Iranian
notions about the ages of the world. Iranian concepts most influenced
Christian views of time, history, and ultimate human destiny. The prophet
Zoroaster (c. 7th century BC) and his followers in Iran
taught a doctrine of the four ages of the world in which each age was a
different phase of struggle between two kinds of powers — light and
darkness, goodness and evil, spirit and matter, infinity and finitude,
health and sickness, time and eternity. The forces of good and evil battled
for the allegiance and the souls of human beings. In the last days a
promised savior (Saoshyant) would pronounce final judgement and announce
the coming of a new world without end in which truth, immortality, and
righteousness would have everlasting reign."
Encyclopedia
Britannica (1992)
"During the 7th and 6th centuries
BC the ancient polytheistic religion of the Iranians was reformed and
given new dimensions by the prophet Zoroaster (or Zarathusthra.)
Zoroaster's life dates have been traditionally given as c.628-551 BC, but
many scholars argue for earlier dates. Linguistic evidence suggests that
he was born in northeastern Iran, but the prophet's message was to spread
throughout the Persian Empire. Adopted as the faith of the Persian kings,
Zoroastrianism became the official religion of the Achaemenid empire and
flourished under its successors, the Parthian and Sassanian empires. Its
theology and cosmology may have influenced the development of Greek, later
Jewish, Christian, and Muslim thought. The Muslim conquest of the 7th
century AD marked the beginning of a steady decline of Zoroastrianism.
Persecution resulted in the migration (about the 10th century) of the
majority of Zoroastrians to India, where the Parsis of Bombay are their
modern descendants.
The
religion of ancient Iran was derived from that of the ancient
Indo-Europeans, or Aryans. The language of the earliest Zoroastrian
writings is close to that of the Indian Vedas, and much of the mythology
is recognizably the same. . . .
The
final period of 3,000 years was ushered in by the birth of Zoroaster, who
revealed this struggle to humanity; the prophet is to be followed by three
saviors, appearing at intervals of 1,000 years. At the appearance of the
last, a day of judgment will occur, the drink of immortality will be
offered to those who have fought against Ahriman, and a new creation will
be established."
1998
Grolier (Grolier Interactive Inc.)
"He shall be the victorious Benefactor (Saoshyant) by name and World-renovator
[Astavat-ereta] by name. He is
Benefactor because he will benefit the entire physical world; he is
World-renovator because he will establish the physical living existence
indestructible. He will oppose the evil of the progeny of the biped and
withstand the enmity produced by the faithful."
Avesta,
Farvardin Yast 13.129
(World Scripture,
IRF, Paragon House Publishing, 1995, p.
785.)
"Should we in a future
world be permitted to hold high converse with the great departed, it may
chance that in the Bactrian sage, who lived and taught almost before the
dawn of history, we may find the spiritual patriarch, to whose lessons we
have owed such a portion of our intellectual inheritance that we might
hardly conceive what human belief would be now had Zarathushtra never
existed."
Frances Power Cobbe
Studies, New and Old, of Ethical
and Social Subjects
"Thus from the moment the Jews first made contact
with the Iranians they took over the typical Zoroastrian doctrine
of an individual afterlife in which rewards are to be enjoyed and
punishments endured. This Zoroastrian hope gained ever surer ground
during the inter-testamentary period, and by the time of Christ it
was upheld by the Pharisees, whose very name some scholars have interpreted
as meaning `Persian', that is, the sect most open to Persian influence."
R.C. Zaehner, The Dawn & Twilight of
Zoroastrianism
(R.C. Zaehner, The Dawn & Twilight
of Zoroastrianism, p. 58.)
"One is tempted to say that all that
was vital in Zarathushtra's message passed into
Christianity through the Jewish exiles. . . It is impossible
to revive a religion once the well-springs of the original
revelation have been allowed to dry up, and once the
sacred language itself has become so sacred that it
is no longer understood even by those who set themselves
up as its official interpreters."
R.C. Zaehner, The Dawn & Twilight
of Zoroastrianism
(R.C. Zaehner, The Dawn & Twilight
of Zoroastrianism, p. 171.)
"Without Zarathushtra there would be no
Christ. He was the bridge, and the Romans burnt
it."
Paul William Roberts, In Search of
the birth of Jesus:
The Real Journey of the Magi
"How did the idea of two opposing
forces (Satan & God) originate? It too is the result of
conditions during the Hellenistic age, a period when ideas
were exchanged widely among various religions and nations.
The principle of dualism came from Zoroastrianism, .... This
idea spread through the wide open Hellenistic world; the
controversy between God and Satan is its reflection in
Judaism. . . .
The people have a heavenly representative, a guardian
angel. This is a new concept of Zoroastrian origin.
Previously the term `Malakh', angel, simply meant messenger
of God."
Leo Trepp, A History of the Jewish
Experience
(Leo Trepp, A History of the Jewish
Experience, p. 54.)
"It is thought by many that this
doctrine `Zoroastrianism' was a source of influence for both
Eastern and Western beliefs - Hinduism and Buddhism in the
East, and Judaism and Christianity in the West."
John R. Hinnells, Persian Mythology